The "Yield Curve"

July 4th, 2009
  • Please explain the Yield Curve in relation to the economy and what it means when it starts to "flatten". (i.e. - When short-term rates and long-term rates start to meet)


  • The yield curve measures investors' expectations for future economic activity. Usually, the yield curve slopes upwards as maturity increases to reflect the increased risk associated with longer maturities. A flat yield curve typically indicates that an economic slowdown, accompanied by lower interest rates, is expected. A good description of what different yield curve shapes typically indicate about the economy is found at: "Historical Yield Curve" Fidelity Investments http://fixedincome.fidelity.com/fi/FIHistoricalYield The web page also includes a "living" yield curve that provides historical yield curves from March 1977 to October 2004. Sincerely, Wonko


  • Wonko, Great response! I have a further question if anyone wants to ponder this with me. The website on yield curves states that a flattened curve represents a potential slowdown in the economy, accompanied by lower short-term rates. However, short-term rates are on the rise, the 10yr hasn't moved, and the curve appears to be flattening. However (yes, again), it seems the economy is on a roll; the market is slowly rising and mergers and acquisitons are through the roof. Anyone care to expand or comment on this?? Thanks


  • From my perspective, there are a variety of factors that suggests that the current economy will slow. First of all, the Federal Reserve is raising interest rates in hopes of slowing the economy so that inflation does not take hold. Second, we have a large and growing trade deficit, which means that the domestic economy is less active producing things. Foreign competition is also keeping prices under control. The flattening of the yield curve is indicative of investors' belief that the Federal Reserve will keep inflation under control through its rate increases. If that belief changes, and the economy begins to overheat, the yield curve will steepen. Sincerely, Wonko







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